People living in contemporary society simultaneously experience both freedom and constraint in their existence, even if they do not always consciously recognize this reality or take it for granted. However, "unfreedom" primarily arises from one's structural position and circumstances, while also being an embodied experience—I feel my troubles and difficulties. The core concern of this course is to analyze and deconstruct these multifaceted troubles, which can be both concrete and symbolic, through the lens of sex/gender. The course concept of "Double Trouble" originates from a clear and fundamental sociological inquiry: the social structures, boundary-making conditions, and societal effects of inclusion and exclusion. Gender is certainly a key factor, but in contexts where exclusion is more apparent—such as poverty, crime, madness, ethnicity, labor, or even taste—gender is often relegated, erased, or overlooked. Yet, contemporary governance is particularly concerned with the dynamic process of inclusion and exclusion. Boundaries are constantly shifting and intricately intertwined, making it impossible to identify exclusion with a singular approach. What is "social structure"? Social structure refers to the various ways society classifies people (categorization), segregating them and then recombining them in specific ways. However, this classification process is neither neutral nor natural. On the contrary, different classification methods determine different people's life chances. Therefore, the categorization of social groups and its meanings and consequences are central to sociology. When a particular group is selected for social exclusion, it simultaneously "excludes" society as well. By tracing social structure, we find that it is characterized by resistance to change (though not unchangeable), possessing externality and coerciveness. Whether people acknowledge it or not, they must confront it. However, the boundary line of exclusion is always shifting. The most prominent distinction identified by Marx was class (dividing people based on production relations), followed by race (bloodline) and ethnicity. By the mid-20th century, gender became a significant axis of distinction, and since the 1980s, sexuality has emerged as a key dividing factor. Since the 1990s, disability has become another significant classification, incorporating medical, legal, and regulatory frameworks into its categorization. The explanatory power of different classifications must be understood in their specific social and cultural contexts; they do not evolve in a linear progression but shift in prominence depending on contemporary conditions. These seemingly neutral and natural classifications not only determine life chances but also serve as essential ways for individuals to recognize others and identify themselves. The governance of deviance (or what this course terms "deviant society") functions as a crucial arena for classification, where various forms of exclusion—economic, political, social, spatial, and symbolic—are employed. Understanding deviant society requires moving beyond the notion of "social problems" and instead analyzing the mechanisms of exclusion. Furthermore, this course emphasizes how social life, the stratification of values, and cultural exclusion can be interpreted through the lens of sex/gender. In this context, another key concept is "difference." From the post-war golden era, which prioritized economic growth and labor alongside the rise of the welfare state, governance techniques evolved from "assimilation" and "correction" of difference (often framed as deviance or misguidance) to a contemporary consumer society, where difference is simultaneously absorbed and rejected. In the earlier phase, the inclusive society emphasized training disciplined bodies that could be readily mobilized as ideal citizens (with gender construction playing a crucial role). These self-disciplined and obedient bodies became integral to the emerging civil society after the state retreated from direct intervention. Alongside the state, they monitored and selected new groups marked as "different"—identifying who could be invited into citizenship. At this stage, difference was no longer treated as a social problem to be solved or a deviance to be corrected but rather as an irredeemable form of "Otherness." This complex governance technique, which simultaneously incorporates and excludes, is a central focus of this course.