This course is a general social course, which examines the political, economic, and social development of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait since 1949 through 16 weeks, and compares the similarities and differences of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait under the governance of the two regimes during the same period. Post-war Taiwan and mainland China are both "Post-Leninist" Modern State that inherited the Soviet communist model. However, the ideologies and camps that the two sides adhere to have affected their respective political and economic journeys and futures. After 1987, the two sides of the strait began to have formal official contacts, and their mutual exchange policies changed from confrontation in the past to contacts and exchanges, opening up communication and dialogue. But in terms of sovereignty, the Beijing authorities have never given up the goal of promoting unification; while Taiwan has gradually turned to the "two entity regimes" like East and West Germany. Although the two sides began to communicate, due to the differences in ideology, the reconstruction of the nation-state, and the constraints of the international situation, the status quo of peace between the two sides has also changed qualitatively over time. The goal of this course is to hope that students can re-understand cross-strait relations in political science under the contemporary era of China's rise, establish a basic political knowledge foundation, and cultivate the ability to observe cross-strait political and economic situations.