The purpose of this study is to investigate the construction processes and patterns of the traditional physical education course in Yuan Dong Elementary School. Through the design and practice of the curriculum, it can be used as a reference for future teaching and the development of Physical Education school-based curriculum in other aboriginal areas. This study is an action research. The researcher is the curriculum designer and teacher, taking Yuan Dong Elementary students as the research participants. The teaching research runs through the whole school year. In order to solve the problems in the teaching site, the researcher have analyzed the situations and reflected the latent problems. The research process is divided into three stages. During the incubation stage, we conducted interviews with teachers in the school began to understand the process of the transformation of Yuan Dong Elementary School into an experimental educational school. In preparation period, we search for the themes of the curriculum. In maturity stage, to set up the themes of curriculum and to develop the teaching plans. The curriculum will then be revised through the feedback of students, teachers, experts and scholars, and friends. This research draws important conclusions in terms of curriculum design and practice: in curriculum design, the cultural factors of traditional physical education can be searched through relevant resources, and traditional and modern physical education can be referred to and transformed from each other .In course practice, scenario simulation and the preparation of appropriate teaching resources can help improve students' learning motivation. Then, we make the following recommendations:(1) it is advisable to understand the connotation of local culture before curriculum design (2) courses should be combined with local sports activities (3) situation is the key to unlocking learning (4) teachers make good use of resources and open up cultural vitality .The school-based curriculum is a dynamic process. This research will have phased conclusions. The traditional physical education curriculum of the Yuan Dong Elementary School will be gradually completed in the future through continuous discussions and revisions.