Objective: Literatures indicated mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) is effective to reduce the likelihood of relapse. MBRP integrated mindfulness-based practice into relapse prevention model to help for drug abusers build up a balanced lifestyle. However, a few Taiwanese studies have examined the effectiveness of MBRP. Therefore, this study examined the efficacy of MBRP at baseline, post-session and three-month follow-up comparing with treat-as-usual (TAU).
Methods: This study used a 3 (baseline, post-session and three-month follow-up) × 2 (MBRP vs. TAU) mixed design. All of participants (n=49) were recruited from psychiatric clinics or drug abuse treatment center and were randomly assigned to either MBRP (n=24) or TAU (n=25). At pre-, post-session and three-month follow-up assessment points, participants completed The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and The Drug Use Identification Disorders Test-Extended (DUDIT-E). Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA examined changes between and within subjects, with the significant level set at 0.05.
Results: No between-group differences were found on mindfulness, addiction severity, depression or anxiety at bassline. At post-session and three-month follow-up, the analyses found that A time × group effect for depression and anxiety. Differences scores among MBRP participants showed a downward trend over time on BAI and an upward trend over time on BDI-II. After treatment, both groups achieved significantly lower on addiction severity than baseline (F= 3.40, p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The present study about randomized trial supported that MBRP effectively reduces addiction severity. Additionally, it also maintains the effect for longer after three months. Moreover, participants of MBRP has a tendency to significantly reduce anxiety compared with TAU. Although the small sample size is a limitation, the results suggest that MBRP may be an efficacious treatment for illicit drug abusers.