Neurofeedback is a technique that leverages real-time brain activity data to enhance user concentration. Despite its potential, research on visualizing EEG data to augment immersion in virtual reality (VR) environments remains scarce. In response to this gap, our interdisciplinary research team, which includes Associate Professor Chien Wen Yuan and Assistant Professor Bi Nanyi from National Taiwan University, has come together to explore effective design principles for neurofeedback visualization. Our study is structured in two distinct phases. In the first phase, we develop a novel algorithm that derives a quantitative focus score from EEG signals and validate its performance in distinguishing between focused and relaxed mental states through preliminary tests. In the second phase, we conduct comprehensive user experiments to evaluate how different visualization schemes impact VR presence, overall user experience, and focus scores. Our team’s collaborative effort integrates expertise from both technological and design disciplines, ensuring a well-rounded approach to this challenge. Ultimately, our research aims to provide essential design guidelines for applying neurofeedback technology in enhancing VR environments.