1. Public Health Governance Dimension:

• This project reviews and analyzes the state-societal governance processes and strategies adopted by various countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
• It focuses on Taiwan and Japan as exemplary cases that demonstrate the governance capacities of “consensus” and “control,” as defined by Jasanoff et al. (2021).
• The study examines the resilience of their healthcare systems, assesses policy responses and the depth of social protection during the outbreak, and uses secondary data to trace and evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of pandemic control measures.

2. Sustainable Energy Governance Dimension:

• The project explores how market logic and corporate environmental governance have reshaped the renewable energy market in the context of energy transition, with particular focus on the formation and evolution of Taiwan's voluntary renewable energy market.
• It illustrates how multinational corporations—especially in the technology sector—have driven green electricity procurement and sustainability efforts through tools such as climate initiatives, reporting frameworks, and energy attribute certificates, particularly in the wake of reduced government subsidies for renewable energy.
• While these market tools contribute to advancing sustainability goals, they may also generate inequality, placing particular pressure on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within supply chains.