With the entry into force of the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the issue of global environmental sustainability continues to be a matter of common concern for the world. Among these concerns, the environmental issues arising from energy use, coupled with the complex developments on the international political stage, present the most conflicting environmental and developmental disputes in human history. Furthermore, following the WTO's Doha Declaration, which proposed the completion of multilateral negotiations on environment and trade by 2005, the issue of North-South confrontation has also led the world to actively reflect on how to reconcile the pursuit of global free trade in a market economy with the sustainability principles advocated by multilateral environmental protection agreements. For Taiwan, fulfilling its environmental responsibilities is an unavoidable obligation as a member of the global community. However, Taiwan, which has built its economy on trade, has long based its economic growth on the environmental and natural resource costs borne by the environment and even future generations. Now, participation in the WTO provides us with an opportunity to actively reflect on trade and environmental issues, and the consideration of WTO participation has also created a willingness to address these problems. However, it is essential for Taiwan to move beyond a simple pollution control mindset and actively embrace the vision of aligning with international norms, pursuing clean energy and its benefits, and achieving environmental sustainability. This requires adjusting policy and legal frameworks to lay the foundation for our country's international participation and the development of green industries. This is precisely what this course aims to emphasize.