Sustainable Development Goals
Abstract/Objectives
The project is a cross-nation research cooperation. The aims of the project are (1) to explore cognitive characteristics of mathematical giftedness in Taiwan; (2) to compare cognitive characteristics of mathematical giftedness between Taiwan and Israel. Research subjects are Taiwan high school students which will be identified as general giftedness or mathematical excellence based on their performance of the Raven test and the SAT-M test. We will use a variety of instruments to explore cognitive characteristics of Taiwanese students. Those instruments are either developed by the two country teams or by Israel individually, including geometry-field-independence-symmetry test (GFIDS), mathematical creativity test, geometry learning-based test, function learningbased test, base-line multiplication test. Interdisciplinary research methods (including ERP methodology) will be adopted to analyze the data collected. The research results will provide suggestions and implications for the identification and evaluation of mathematical giftedness, the teaching for mathematical giftedness and the nurturing for future scientific experts and STEM-related ones.
Results/Contributions

The current project is still in progress, and the current result is the brainwave report of high school students.

Keywords
mathematical giftednessmathematical excellencegeneral giftednessmathematical creativitygeometryfield independenceERP methodologycrossnation comparisonmathematical insight
References
1. COMPARISONS OF BRAIN ACTIVITIES BETWEEN SOLVING FUNCTION TASKS AND MULTIPLICATION TASKS (https://web.ua.es/pme45/)

A growing number of researchers are turning to neuroscience as a way to study the cognitive behavior of students as they solve math problems. This study presents the study of specific brain activity in solving function and multiplication tasks. Multiplication tasks refer to basic calculations (such as 3 × 2 = 6), while functional tasks refer to the need to recognize the features of graphs and their corresponding functions (such as quadratic functions) (Waisman, Leikin, Shaul, & Leikin, 2014). E-prime software is used to perform both types of tasks. We use event-related potential (ERP) technology to collect brain waves that arise during problem solving. The analysis of the brain waves mainly focuses on the components of P1, P2, P3 and N2. P1 can reveal cognitive effort related to information perception, while P2 refers to perceptual processing. P3 represents cognitive effort to synthesize stimuli and inference outcomes, whereas N2 focuses on mismatch detectors or reflects executive cognitive control functions. 163 Taiwanese high school students participated in the study. Statistical analysis revealed that students performed significantly more accurately and quickly on the multiplication task than on the functional task, indicating a higher cognitive complexity of the functional task.

Media Information
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Contact Information
許慧玉
huiyuhsu@mx.nthu.edu.tw