Geographical Indications(“GIs”) are characterized by the “terroir” of a certain region and focus on the natural and human elements of a place, so that local residents have economic incentives to protect local knowledge and environment and to maintain the value of their local brand. Therefore, promoting the practice of GIs may also promote environmental protection, biodiversity and traditional knowledge. The protection of GIs is currently the most prioritized issue in international trade negotiations. However, it attracts fewer academic discussions than that of patents and copyrights. In Taiwan, registered GIs are mostly agricultural products. The practice of Taiwan's GI system often ignores the fact that equal emphasis should be placed on human factors and on natural factors of the geographical environments. In addition, the effectiveness of the GI system is also influenced due to the lack of support from local communities. Three main research questions are planned to be explored by this project: First, how can the agenda of GIs in the international trade negotiations be correctly understood and analyzed from Taiwan's perspectives? Second, have Taiwan's legal structure and review standards regarding GIs corresponded to the definition and the meanings of GIs prescribed in the international trade agreements? Third, how can we improve local people's engagement and encourage more registrations of GIs?